Abstract
A thematic review of the publications is presented. The purpose is to review the literature data on current problems of postoperative pain in clinical practice. Material and methods. A search was carried out in scientific databases on elibrary.ru, PubMed (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) by such keywords as «postoperative pain» (in English and Russian), without restrictions in the years of depth studies. Results. Despite the intensive development of medicine, the development of new analgesics and the introduction of other modern non-drug pain relief technologies, many patients still face the problem of pain and its proper control. In the postoperative period, acute pain of varying severity is present in 50–70% of patients. In 20–50% of cases, it has a high probability of chronization. Risk factors are: emotional disorders (anxiety, depression) and personal characteristics of the patients, the nature of the operation and the degree of its traumatism, including damage to nerve structures, the presence of poorly controlled pain in the preoperative period, actual or past experience of drug use. Current recommendations for the treatment of postoperative pain, as a rule, are «universal for all» based on the type of pain and include multimodal analgesia with interventional analgesic therapy. In conclusion, the authors draw attention to the need for concerted efforts aimed at integrating clinical and basic scientific research in order to increase the effectiveness of measures for the prevention of postoperative pain and its treatment. From a clinical point of view, educational measures aimed at working with patients and medical staff are important. Organizationally, the development of pain services in surgical hospitals and the training of specialized specialists.