Abstract
Intrauterine infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a rare phenomenon, while the disease developing and occurring in an uninfected organism is very dangerous. Immunological reactions in such children have not been described. Aim. To reveal the nature of the immune response, in terms of the formation of extracellular traps by neutrophils in a child with congenital tuberculosis. Materials and methods. A case of tuberculosis is described in a child whose mother previously suffered from tuberculosis, and after childbirth, had dissemination with bacterial excretion. In a 2-month-old child, MSCT of the chest organs revealed soft tissue foci in S2, S6, a month later the appearance of a group of foci in S4 and calcifications in the lymph nodes of the abdominal cavity, spleen, and at 4 months the appearance of a new area of ????infiltration in the lungs with elements of consolidation, calcification areas in the bronchopulmonary lymph nodes, a large heterogeneous zone between the liver and pancreas, calcifications. The percentage of cells and neutrophil extracellular traps in the specimen was calculated using fluorescence microscopy. Reasearch results. Intact neutrophils — 39%; hypoactivated — 0%, activated — 5.6%, hyperactivated — 3.7%, early NETosis cells — 6.9%, cloud-like NETs — 6.9%, filiform NETs — 37.7%. Conclusion. In the case of congenital tuberculosis, the examined child was found to have neutrophilic leukocytosis with a hyporegenerative nuclear shift to the left and a significant increase in the ability of neutrophils to form an extracellular trap.