Social and demographic features of rural patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and chronic diseases of the bronchopulmonary system

Abstract

The global decline in tuberculosis incidence is limited by the insufficient effectiveness of treatment for certain categories of citizens, including those living in rural areas. Objective: to evaluate the socio-demographic characteristics of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and diseases of the bronchopulmonary system (BPS) in rural areas. Materials and method. Тhe retrospective study included 268 patients who had pulmonary tuberculosis living in the Omsk district of the Omsk region. There were 194 (72.4%) men, 73 (27.6%) women (?2=13.19; p=0.000). The median age of patients (Me 25; 75) was 50.5 years (39; 61.0). 79 people (29.5%) smoked. Smoking experience (Ме 25; 75) 20 (15; 24) years. Study results: Among 268 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis, 40 (14.9%) had comorbid bronchopulmonary pathology. In the Omsk region, TB was more common among men, smokers, young and middle-aged people. Young (U=2.4125, p=0.020447) and middle-aged (U=2.0005, p=0.039813) respondents had a low level of education compared to older ones. Young people with TB and BLS diseases have a higher smoking history than older people (U=2.04939, p=0.040425). The survival prognosis of smokers with a long (more than 20 years) smoking history is worse in comparison between those who died and those who survived (U=2.00127, p=0.040139). 35 (13.1%) TB patients had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 10 (3.7%) had bronchial asthma (BA), 5 (1.9%) patients had COPD and BA. In patients with COPD, unlike respondents with bronchial asthma, contact with TB was not established (U=1.91234, p=0.049877). Conclusion: low social status, unsatisfactory living conditions, high prevalence of bad habits among young and middle-aged TB patients in the absence of identified infectious contact, worsens the treatment prognosis for patients with tuberculosis and COPD living in rural areas.