Pulmonary cardiac hemodynamics in patients with bronchial asthma according to echo-doppler cardiography

Abstract

Introduction. Determination of the functional state of the pulmonary-cardiac hemodynamics in patients with bronchial asthma (BA) with varying degrees of severity according to Doppler echocardiography. Materials and methods. In 56 patients with BA, the functional state of pulmonary-cardiac hemodynamics was assessed using ultrasound methods. All subjects were divided into 3 groups depending on the severity of the disease. Results. With an increase in the severity of the BA course, the diastolic function of the right ventricular myocardium regresses up to the development of its dysfunction, which later plays a major role in the formation of chronic heart failure. As the right ventricular (RV) diastolic function disorders increased, BA patients showed an increase in right atrial (RA) contractile activity simultaneously with a decrease in the E/A ratio. In patients with severe asthma, there was a slight decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF), disorders of LV diastolic function and an increase in the size of the left atrium (LA). Conclusions. In patients with BA, disorders of the diastolic function of the right heart often precede disorders of systolic function, which manifests itself in a change in the ratio of various phases of filling of the RV. In conditions of impaired diastolic function of the RV, there is a relative increase in the contractility of the right atrium. The noted disturbances in the left ventricular function may be explained by the manifestation of the interventricular interaction factor.