Influence of tobacco smoking on COVID-19 incidence and outcome

Abstract

An analysis of studies of the effects of cigarette consumption on morbidity, severity and mortality in coronavirus infection COVID-19. In MERS-CoV coronavirus disease outbreak, tobacco smoking increased the MERS-CoV infection risk and was associated with higher mortality. Studies of patients with COVID-19 show that smokers had a more severe course and adverse outcomes of COVID-19 compared with non-smokers. In particular, smokers (compared with non-smokers) 1.4 times (OR 1.4; 95% CI 0.98–2.00) were more likely to have severe COVID-19, they were 2.4 times more likely (OR 2.4; 95% CI 1.43-4.04) required intensive care, mechanical ventilation.

Factors associated with the deterioration of COVID-19 were identified, in particular, the history of smoking, body temperature of more than 37.3 °C at the time of admission, respiratory failure and age over 60, while the risks of an adverse outcome in smokers were highest compared to other factors. A meta-analysis including 7 studies showed that smokers have higher risk of severe COVID-19 compared to non-smokers (OR 1.98; 95% CI 1.29–3.05).

Conclusion. Smoking cessation can reduce the risk of developing severe COVID-19 and its complications.