Abstract
The aim of the present retrospective study was to analyse the features of the computed tomographic (CT) semiotics of atypical mycobacterial infections of the lungs in HIV-negative patients to those infected with Mycobacterium avium. Materials and methods. 37 HIV-negative patients to those infected with Mycobacterium avium and diagnosed in accordance with the criteria of the British Thoracic Society (2017) were Included in retrospective cohort study in the period 2014-2018. Results. Average age was 57.4±12.5 years with a higher incidence of women (4:1). The commonest CT findings were bronchiectasis (62.2%), with a predominant lesion of subsegmental bronchi and a smaller caliber. Typical for this pathology is the involvement in process of both lungs in the S4 and S5 segments, combined with the defeat of any other segments. The multiplicity of lesions prevailed (at least 3 segments). In 19% of M. avium patients had the cavitary form (both single and multiple, including in combination with bronchiectasis). In almost all cases (97.3%), cavities and bronchiectasis in the lungs were combined with various focal and infiltrative changes. Seven (18.9%) cases had mycobacteriosis manifested itself only in isolated foci. Conclusion. The similarity of mycobacteriosis semiotics with other diseases (primarily with tuberculosis) require etiological verification in all cases suspected of Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM).