Abstract
The article presents the prevalence of tuberculous and non-tuberculous mycobacteria and their importance for pathology of the lungs in patients with cystic fibrosis. Data on the tubercle bacteria are shown both for Russia and for Europe. Data on non-tuberculous mycobacteria are shown for Europe and the USA. It is noted that in different centers, the prevalence of non-tuberculous mycobacteria can reach 10-15% or more. Infection they weigh down the course of bronchopulmonary process in cystic fibrosis and requires prolonged treatment with several drugs.